Investigation of Solanum carolinense Dominance and Phytotoxic Effect in Festuca arundinacea with Special Reference to Allelochemical Identification, Analysis of Phytohormones and Antioxidant Mechanisms

Exposure to invasive weeds in pasturelands may result significant losses and toxicity forage crops. These species also contain a compound that be toxic as well beneficial depending upon the effect induced. The Ministry of Environment Republic Korea has now recognized Solanum carolinense (Horsenettle)—an weed species—as potential threat crops entire agro-ecosystem. As crop, Festuca arundinacea (Tall fescue) is one major economical diets livestock; this study, competition patterns were examined with respect their seeding ratios growth periods. In addition, an extract from root (SCE) was prepared treated at 2500 ppm 5000 plant observe its effect. experimental results showed period Horsenettle SCE treatment increased, germination rate, height, length, fresh weight, dry weight tall fescue significantly decreased. Moreover, increased quantities reactive oxygen (O2− H2O2), antioxidants (Catalase Peroxidase), endogenous phytohormones (Abscisic acid Salicylic acid), simultaneously decreased superoxide dismutase content shoots. Furthermore, we identified several glycoalkaloids extract, among which Solanidan-3-ol, (3β,5α)’ possessed higher number (52%). Based on these results, predicted present horsenettle role imposing phytotoxicity agricultural have been reported possess both phytotoxic therapeutic uses. concept, believe available could used developing crop protection or medicinal products through broader research. Conversely, our findings probable risk agro-ecosystem, especially terms production.